Housing conditions 1-2: Declining birthrate, aging population, and declining birth rate

Since 1975, the total fertility rate (* 1) of Yokohama City has been below 2.08, which is regarded as the "level required to maintain the current population."
In 2004, it fell to 1.14 in 2004, but it was 1.26 in 2019 (FY16).
The birth rate (* 2) continued to decrease from 20.6 people / 1,000 in 1974 (Showa 49) in the second baby boom, and reached 6.8 / 1,000 in 2019 (Figure 1-2-1).

Figure 1-2-1 Changes in Birth Rate and Total Special Fertility Rate in Yokohama

Document: The total fertility rate is “Yokohama City Health Statistics Annual Report”, and the birth rate is “Yokohama City Statistical Report”.

※1 Total Special Birth Rate…The number of children a woman gives birth on average in her lifetime
※2 Birth Rate…Figures calculated by converting the number of children born during the year per thousand

Comparing the changes in the population of Yokohama by age in 1990 and 2020, the younger population of both men and women decreased in 2020, while the elderly population is increasing and the population is aging (Figure 1-2-2).

Figure 1-2-2 Graph of Changes in Population by Age in Yokohama

Document: Policy Bureau, Yokohama City Statistical Report

Looking at the trends by dividing the population by age into three categories, the ratio of the elderly population to the total population has increased about three times in the 25 years from 1995 to 2020. . Among them, the proportion of elderly single persons is gradually increasing, and the response to an aging society is urgently needed (Fig. 1-2-3).

Figure 1-2-3 Changes in Population of Yokohama City by age 3.

Document: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications "1995 (Heisei 7) - 2020 (192) Census"

※The young population is under 15 years old, the working-age population is between 15 and 64 years old, and the elderly population is over 65 years old.

The number of employees per household in Yokohama has continued to decrease year by year, from 2.91 in 1985 (Showa 60) to 2.14 in 2021(3) (Figure 1-2-4).

Figure 1-2-4 Changes in the number of employees per household in Yokohama City

Document: Yokohama City Policy Bureau, Yokohama City Population News

Looking at the trends in the number of households by household staff, the proportion of single-person households is increasing, while the proportion of households with three or more people is decreasing. It is thought that progress is progressing (Fig. 1-2-5).

Figure 1-2-5 Changes in Household Percentage of Yokohama City

Document: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, "1983 (Showa 58) - 1993 (1995) Housing Statistics Survey"

“1998 (Heisei 10)-2018 (Heisei 30) Housing and Land Statistics Survey”