What is First Aid?

For sudden injuries and illnesses, the benefits that can be provided at family or at work is called first aid in a broad sense. First aid is for patients with cardiac arrest and for general injuries and illnesses other than cardiac arrest, such as compression bleeding for bleeding.
I have first aid.

Among first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation refers to performing chest compressions (heart massage) and artificial respiration when cardiopulmonary arrest, that is, when the heart and breathing have stopped or are close to this, are called cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In addition, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is also included when performing only chest compressions (heart massage) is performed.

This refers to the necessary measures to save the victim. Specifically, it refers to the following three types.

• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• Electric shock using AED
• Removal of foreign substances when suffocation occurs due to foreign substances

Anyone can perform life-saving treatment by citizens, including electric shock, without special qualifications.

Lifesaving treatment by citizens is called "primary lifesaving treatment", and advanced lifesaving measures performed by doctors and rescue workers are called "secondary lifesaving treatment".

The series of actions required to save and return the suddenly changed victim is called the "chain of lifesaving." If the four rings that make up the "chain of lifesaving" are quickly connected, the life-saving effect increases.

The main causes of cardiac arrest in children are injuries, drowning, and suffocation. It is of paramount importance to prevent them from happening. Acute myocardial infarction and stroke are the causes of sudden death in adults. These are also known as lifestyle-related diseases, are the three major causes of death among Japanese people. It is important to reduce the risk of lifestyle-related diseases, but it is important to be aware of the initial symptoms and request an ambulance. This makes it possible to treat at a medical institution before cardiac arrest.

In order to recognize cardiac arrest early, it is important to immediately suspect cardiac arrest if you see a sudden fall or unresponsive person.

When the heart stops, consciousness disappears within 15 seconds, and if it stays for more than 3 to 4 minutes, the brain will be difficult to recover. Continuing to send blood to the heart and brain by cardiopulmonary resuscitation while the heart is stopped is important to increase the effect of AED resuming heartbeat and to avoid leaving any sequelae in the brain after resuming heartbeat. .

Paramedics and doctors perform secondary rescue procedures using drugs and airways in parallel with primary lifesaving procedures, aiming to resume the heartbeat of more and more victims. When heart rate resumes, we aim to return to society through intensive care by specialists.

The chain of lifesaving consists of four rings: prevention of cardiac arrest, early recognition and reporting of cardiac arrest, primary lifesaving treatment, secondary lifesaving treatment, and intensive care after resumption of heartbeat. It is expected that it will be done by citizens who are present at the site. The survival rate is higher than when the person who performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation was not performed by citizens, and those who performed an electric shock using AED would have an electric shock earlier than the arrival of the rescue squad. Therefore, it is clear that the survival rate and rehabilitation rate are high.