First aid other than life-saving treatment

Planning: Noge Printing Co., Ltd., Supervised: City of Yokohama, Fire Bureau

Planning: Noge Printing Co., Ltd., Supervised: City of Yokohama, Fire Bureau

Take a comfortable posture for the victim and loosen clothes and belts. Clothes should be rested and loosened as much as possible to avoid disturbing the victim.

• If the victim is conscious, give a good explanation, loosen your clothes while listening to hope, and do not force yourself.
• If life-saving measures are needed, priority should be given.

• Maintaining a suitable position (posture) for the victim is effective in maintaining breathing and circulation functions, relieving pain, and preventing symptoms from worsening.
• Take the most comfortable position desired by the victim.
• You should not force your position.
• If you change your position, do not give pain or anxiety.

２．Fix the broken bone. (e.g. tree, newspaper, triangular band, etc.)

• If you have a collaborators, you will be able to support your broken bone.
• If the victim can support it, he will be supported by himself.
• I'll give you a second child.
• Fix the fracture with a triangular band.
• Don't force the deformed part to its original state.

The assistant prepares a length that can fix the upper and lower joints of the fracture. When fixing, inform the victim before fixing.

１．Bandage method

• Bandages are performed to protect kizus and prevent bacteria from entering.
• Use as clean bandages as much as possible.
• Use a size that can fully cover the kizu.
• If there is bleeding, use a sufficiently thick gauze, etc.
• If the mouth is open, use sterilized gauze in principle and do not use cotton or filthy items.
• When dealing with sterile gauze, treat it cleanly.
• If the crouch is dirty with earth and sand, wash it off with clean water and treat it cleanly.
• Please pay attention to the expiration date of the sterilized material.

Wrap the bandage with caution, as it may cause blood circulation disorders when wrapped strongly. The knot of the bandage should be avoided over the mouth.

２．Triangular width

• It can be used for any part of the body.
• It can be used regardless of the size of the kizu.
• Apply gauze etc. to the kizuguchi and then use a triangle band.

The transport of the victim is performed after first aid has been given or to move from a dangerous place to a safe place. It is important to transport safely without causing distress to the victim.

１．Stretcher transport method
Stretcher transport is carried out after giving first aid to the victim, kept warm, and in principle, transported forward to the foot side. During transport, it is necessary to reduce agitation and vibration.
２．First-aid stretcher preparation method

1. Stretcher with bamboo and blankets: Place one bamboo zao in one-third of the blanket and fold one blanket. Place the second bamboo zao according to the patient's shoulder width, fold the upper blanket (at least 15 cm before turning) and fold the lower blanket.
2. Application stretcher using clothes: Prepare 5 or more jackets, and place the buttons on the jacket and pass them through the bamboo groove from both sides.

Carry in the most appropriate manner depending on the condition of the victim, the location of the injury, and the type of disease. Only when it is unavoidable, try to transport by multiple people.

Be careful to secure the airway, as the victim's neck may fall forward. Two people will keep pace with each other so that they will not be upset when transporting.

• Notes on transporting by 3 people
• Hold the knees on the foot side and fold the knees on the head side.
• Put your arms well under the victim.
• 3 people act at the same time.

１．Ask if you have any of the following symptoms

• Do you have a pain in your neck?
• Isn't breathing difficult?
• Can you move your limbs or numbness?

If there is at least one of these symptoms, it is judged that the neck bone is hurt.
２．Don't move your neck.

• If you have consciousness, tell them not to move.
• Hold your head with both hands so that it does not move.
• Call out and cheer up.

If the surrounding situation of the victim is safe, keep it as it is.
３．If it is unavoidable to move

• Gather cooperators.
• Place it on a hard flat, such as a board, and fix it so that the whole body does not move.
• Move to rest.

Do not move unless there is a surrounding situation that could endanger the life of the victim.

1.Rescue a drowning person

• If you find a drowning person, first call 119 and notify the people around you.
• If there is a rescue floating ring that can be caught around and floated, throw it to a drowning person. If there is a rope, throw it over and draw it to the land.

In some cases, rescue is left to specialists such as firefighters and life savers, as there are cases where they are caught and drowned in an attempt to rescue themselves. If a drowning person is submerged, remember the submerged place with a mark and tell the firefighters and other experts who arrived.

２．Conducting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (securing airways, artificial respiration, heart massage)

• If you are unconscious, secure the airway. If breathing is not seen in that condition, it is important to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately.

In the event of a dive accident, pay special attention to the neck injury. If neck injury is suspected, secure the airway by lower jawlifting method. In the event of a drowning accident, it is important to start artificial respiration as soon as possible (even during rescue from underwater if possible). Also, do not spend time spiting water.

A method of removing foreign substances when foreign substances (food, vomit, blood, etc.) are clogged in the mouth or throat (airway obstruction)) are strongly suspected.

If the victim is able to cough, continue coughing as much as possible (coughing is the most effective in removing foreign substances).

Even if you are conscious, if you lose consciousness during first aid, use the method when you are not conscious.

• If you have not called for help or call 119, do so immediately and arrange an AED.
• Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
• If a foreign object is visible in the mouth during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, remove the foreign object.
• If a foreign object is not visible in the mouth, do cardiopulmonary resuscitation without spending time searching for the foreign object.

1. The method of removing foreign bodies for children (1 year or older) is the same as for adults.
2. Methods for suspected airway obstruction due to foreign substances in baby/infant and newborn babies under one year of age.