Here's the text.
What is an infectious disease trend survey?
Last Updated October 11, 2024
- Infectious disease outbreak trend survey business
- Flow of Information in Survey on Infectious Disease Trends
- Distinguished fixed-point medical institutions
■Return to Yokohama City Infectious Disease Information Center Top Page
1.Yokohama City Infectious Disease Trend Survey Project
What is an infectious disease trend survey?
The Infectious Disease Trend Survey is one of the infectious disease surveillance systems in Japan, and has been positioned as a law since April 1999, following the enforcement of the Act on the Prevention of Infectious Diseases and Medical Care for Patients with Infectious Diseases (hereinafter referred to as the Infectious Diseases Law).
As a major pillar of the Infectious Diseases Control Law, it is the basis for infectious disease control. The information on the occurrence of infectious diseases is accurately grasped and analyzed, and the results are accurately provided and disclosed.
The implementing entity is defined as the national, prefectural and public health centers (including special wards). Infectious diseases that collect information are classified into Class 1 to Class 5 according to the Infectious Diseases Law.
Based on Article 12 of the Infectious Diseases Law, a doctor must notify the nearest public health center when diagnosing a patient who falls under Class 1 to Class 4 and a part of Class 5 (infectious diseases to be grasped in total). Hmm.
Prefectural governments and cities where public health centers are set up (including special wards) specify in advance a "designated notification organization (fixed-point medical institution)" based on Article 14 of the Infectious Diseases Law. Fixed-point medical institutions are to report the outbreak status of infectious diseases specified by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health and Welfare among Class 5 infectious diseases (infectious diseases subject to fixed-point grasp).
About the Infectious Diseases Law
Classification of Infectious Diseases (PDF: 99KB)
Looking at the recent situation surrounding infectious diseases, the emergence of emerging infectious diseases such as Lassa fever in 1969, Ebola hemorrhagic fever in 1976, AIDS in 1983, highly pathogenic avian influenza in 1997, and SARS, which spread mainly in East Asia from 2002 to 2003, have already been overcome.
In today's active international exchange, the epidemic of infectious diseases is not limited to local ones, and may spread rapidly over a wide area, and it is necessary to establish appropriate measures to prepare for these epidemics. In recent years, the environment surrounding infectious disease countermeasures has changed drastically, such as improving public health standards, raising human rights and health awareness, and advances in medicine and medical care.
Based on the above, the Infectious Disease Prevention Law, which was the legal basis for infectious disease control for more than 100 years since 1999 (2011) and 1897 (Meiji 30), has been fully revised and individualized. The Act on the Prevention of Infectious Diseases and the Act on the Prevention of Infectious Diseases was enacted as a basic law to promote measures related to the prevention of infectious diseases and medical care of patients. The Infectious Diseases Law clearly states that it will be reviewed every five years.
| Year of revision | Revision points |
|---|---|
| 2023 | COVID-19 infections such as pandemic influenza have been changed to Class 5 infectious diseases (fixed points). Monkeypox, a fourth-class infectious disease, was renamed Mpox. Carbapenem-resistant bacterial infection of Class 5 infection Changed name to Carbapenem-resistant intestinal bacterial infection |
| 2021 | Changed COVID-19 infectious disease of designated infectious disease to infectious disease such as pandemic influenza |
| 2020 | Add COVID-19 infection to designated infectious diseases |
| 2018 | Pertussis of Class 5 infectious disease (fixed point) changed to Class 5 infectious disease (total number). Added acute flaccid paralysis to Class 5 Infectious Diseases (total number) |
| 2016 | Added Zika virus to Class 4 infectious diseases |
| 2015 | Designated infectious diseases Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and bird flu (H7N9) have been changed to Class 2 infectious diseases |
| 2014 | Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) was added to designated infectious diseases. Added carbapenem-resistant bacterial infections, disseminated cryptocoxsis, and chickenpox (limited to patients who are deemed to require hospitalization) to Class 5 infections (total numbers). Drug-resistant Asineto Baktar infection of Class 5 infectious diseases (core fixed point) was changed to Class 5 infectious diseases (total number). |
| 2013 | Added severe febrile thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) to Class 4 infection. Meningocococococcal meningitis was renamed to invasive meningocococococococococococcal infection. Added invasive influenzae infection and invasive pneumococcal infection to Class 5 infection (total number). Avian influenza (H7N9) was added to designated infectious diseases. Add infectious gastroenteritis (limited to those whose pathogens are rotavirus) to Class 5 infectious diseases (core fixed point) |
| 2011 | Added chikungunya fever to Class 4 infections. Added drug-resistant Asineto Baktar infection to Class 5 infectious diseases (core fixed point) |
| 2008 | Measles and rubella, which were Class 5 fixed-point diseases, and adult measles, which were Class 5 core fixed-point diseases, are integrated into Class 5 infectious diseases (total number). Avian influenza (H5N1) of designated infectious disease changed to Class 2 infectious disease. Added “Infectious Diseases such as New Influenza” as classification |
| 2007 | With the integration with the Tuberculosis Prevention Law, tuberculosis was added to Class 2 infectious diseases, and bacterial dysentery, cholera, typhoid, etc. became Class 3 infectious diseases, and new diseases were added to Class 4 infectious diseases.
|
| 2003 | Review of diseases subject to the Infectious Diseases Control Act and types of infectious diseases |
[Basic Philosophy]
Measures taken by the national and local governments for the purpose of preventing and preventing the spread of infectious diseases include changes in the environment surrounding health care and the progress of international exchange, taking into account international trends in measures aimed at these, and comprehensively and systematically recognizing the situation where patients with infectious diseases are placed so that they can respond promptly and appropriately to new infectious diseases and other infectious diseases, while respecting the human rights of these persons To be promoted.
[Basic Guidelines]
- Basic direction for promoting the prevention of infectious diseases
- Matters related to measures to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases
- Matters related to measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases
- Matters related to securing a system to provide medical care related to infectious diseases
- Matters related to investigation and research on infectious diseases
- Matters related to the promotion of research and development of pharmaceuticals for medical care related to infectious diseases
- Matters related to the implementation system of testing for pathogens of infectious diseases and improvement of testing capacity
- Matters related to the training of human resources related to the prevention of infectious diseases
- Matters related to enlightenment and dissemination of knowledge about infectious diseases, and consideration of human rights of patients with infectious diseases
- Matters concerning the communication system between the national and local governments and local governments in an emergency
- Other important matters related to the prevention of infectious diseases
Overview of Yokohama City Infectious Disease Trend Survey System
Under the Infectious Diseases Law, the outbreak status of infectious diseases nationwide is collected and analyzed at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases Infectious Disease Information Center (hereinafter referred to as the Central Infectious Disease Information Center) in order to know the outbreak trends of infectious diseases in Japan. I am. The outbreak status of infectious diseases in each region will be collected by the Regional Infectious Disease Information Center and sent to the Central Infectious Disease Information Center.
In Yokohama City, the Yokohama City Infectious Disease Information Center has been set up within the Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Information Section of the Institute of Health, where patient information and pathogen information in Yokohama City are collected and analyzed, and reported to the Central Infectious Disease Information Center. At the same time, these will be promptly provided and disclosed to related organizations such as the Medical Association.
For patient information and pathogen information collected in Yokohama City, the Medical Care Bureau Health and Safety Division and the Infectious Disease and Epidemiology Information Division of the Institute of Health serve as secretariats, and the Infectious Disease Trend Survey Committee (Infectious Disease Committee) is held once a month (4th Thursday) to analyze the status of infectious diseases in Yokohama City. The Infectious Diseases Committee consists of epidemiology experts, representatives of the Medical Association, representatives of the Health and Welfare Center and the Institute of Health. The results of analysis by the Infectious Diseases Committee and reports from the Infectious Diseases Committee are compiled mainly by the Information Division on Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Institute of Health, and distributed to fixed-point medical institutions, medical associations, related medical institutions, Health and Welfare Center (health centers), etc. In addition, we provide information to citizens and medical institutions through the website of Yokohama City Inst. of Health.
About patient information, infectious disease, epidemiological information section (Yokohama-shi infectious disease information center) gathers data of the whole Yokohama-shi and reports to central infectious disease information center of country.
Yokohama-shi pathogen survey
As part of the Infectious Disease Trend Survey Project, we search for pathogens at the Institute of Health using samples collected at pathogen fixed points. The pathogen fixed point in the city is pediatric fixed point: 8 flu (Internal medicine) fixed point: 4 places, Ophthalmology fixed point: 1 location, backbone (hospital) fixed point: We have set up a total of 17 locations, including 4 locations.
The Pediatrics fixed point divides eight locations into two groups, four to five locations, and collects one group of samples each week. Influenza fixed points are collected especially during the flu epidemic in winter. Ophthalmology and its core fixed points are carried out as needed when samples are collected from patients with the target disease.
Test samples from pathogen fixed points and other pathogen information are collected by the Microbial Division of the Laboratory and Research Division of the Institute of Health and reported to the Central Infectious Diseases Information Center of the country. In addition, the test results of samples from pathogen fixed points are notified directly to pathogen fixed points.
Flow of Information in Survey on Infectious Disease Trends
The physician who diagnoses the target infectious disease will notify the Health and Welfare Center in charge of the medical institution online or using a prescribed format.
The Notification Acceptance Center confirms the contents and sends the notification form to the Medical Care Bureau Health and Safety Division and the Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Information Division of the Institute of Health.
Infectious disease, epidemiological information section (Yokohama-shi infectious disease information center) reports to central infectious disease information center of country.
The collected information will be analyzed by the Yokohama City Infectious Disease Occurrence Trend Survey Committee, etc., and will be promptly provided and disclosed to related organizations through the website of the Institute of Health.
Distinguished fixed-point medical institutions
The physician who diagnoses the target infectious disease will notify the Health and Welfare Center in charge of the medical institution online or using a prescribed format.
The Notification Acceptance Center confirms the contents and sends the notification form to the Medical Care Bureau Health and Safety Division and the Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Information Division of the Institute of Health.
Infectious disease, epidemiological information section (Yokohama-shi infectious disease information center) reports to central infectious disease information center of country.
The collected information will be analyzed by the Yokohama City Infectious Disease Occurrence Trend Survey Committee, etc., and will be promptly provided and disclosed to related organizations through the website of the Institute of Health.
Patient fixed point is pediatric fixed point: 94 locations, Internal medicine fixed point: 59 places, Ophthalmology fixed point: 22 places, sexually transmitted disease fixed point: 29 locations (11 in Obstetrics and gynaecology, 18 in Urology and Dermatology, 18 in hospitals) fixed points: There are a total of 208 locations in 4 locations. The main fixed point is Internal medicine and Pediatrics hospitals with more than 300 beds. The Pediatrics fixed point reports influenza and COVID-19 and 10 infectious diseases in children, while the Internal medicine fixed point reports influenza and COVID-19.
The pathogen fixed point is pediatric fixed point: 8 flu (Internal medicine) fixed point: 4 places, Ophthalmology fixed point: 1 location, backbone (hospital) fixed point: We have set up a total of 17 locations, including 4 locations.
The distribution of distinction is as shown in the table (the number of distinction fixed-point medical institutions).
You may need a separate PDF reader to open a PDF file.
If you do not have it, you can download it free of charge from Adobe.
To download Adobe Acrobat Reader DC
Inquiries to this page
Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Information Division, Medical Care Bureau Institute of Health
Telephone: 045-370-9237
Telephone: 045-370-9237
Fax: 045-370-8462
Email address: ir-eiken@city.yokohama.lg.jp
Page ID: 350-943-432
