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Basic knowledge of infertility

Last update date April 1, 2022

Basic knowledge of infertility

1.What is Infertility?

Men and women in need

Healthy men and women who wish to become pregnant are living in married couples without contraception, but do not become pregnant after a certain period (about one year). In Japan, couples who have been tested or treated for infertility is said to be one out of 5.5 to six couples.

2.Causes

Diagram of the causes of infertility in women

Both men and women are responsible for not establishing pregnancy.

[Women's Cause]

・Oovulation disorders: This refers to cases where ovulation is difficult, such as ovum does not grow well.
・Fallopian tube failure: Refers to the disorder of the "ovary tube" that connects the ovaries and the uterus, such as clogged or narrow egg tubes.
・Clothing failure: Refers to cases where it is difficult to settle, such as endometriosis, polyps, or endometrial fibroids.
・Passive disorders of sperm in cervical tubes: Anti-stem antibodies with less cervical mucus ※Etc.
※Anti-system antibodies are antibodies that determine the sperm as a foreign object from the outside. If you have such antibodies, it will reject sperm.

[Male Causes of Men]

・Artificial dysfunction: This means that sperm cannot be produced well, such as the number of sperm is small, poor movement, and high malformation rate is high.
・Sexual dysfunction: Elevation and ejaculation are not good. It means that sexual intercourse is not good.
・Strong passage failure: This means that the path of sperm is narrow or clogged.

3 If you think it's infertility early.

The secretion of female hormones, which are closely related to pregnancy, changes with age. Female hormone secretion peaks in their 20s and early 30s. After the age of 40, the secretion of female hormones also decreases.

ART Pregnancy rate and production rate

ART(Assisted Reproductive Technology): Reproductive medicine technology, ET (Embryo Transfer): Embryo transfer
Quoted from the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology ART Data Book 2019 (http://plaza.umin.ac.jp/~jsog-art/2019data_202107.pptx (external site))).

If you receive fertility treatment and reproductive medicine, you can see from the above figure that the outcome is related to age.
If you wish to become pregnant, but if sexual intercourse is not going well, you may be worried about it, etc., try a consultation or test as soon as possible.
If you are not satisfied with the examination or consultation, you can also consult with the infertility specialized consultation center in each prefecture or core city.
In Yokohama-shi, we accept consultation about infertility, infertility. Please feel free to contact us.
Page about infertility, infertility consultation of Yokohama-shi (we move to another page when we click.)

Diagram of men and women heading to the hospital


4 Testing for infertility

・Female hormones are secreted according to the menstrual cycle, so tests are performed at that time.
・By adding basal body temperature, you can see the status of hormone secretion.
・There are also tests that can be done at any time, regardless of the body cycle.
Interview, internal examination, ultrasound, chlamydia antigen antibody test, sexual disease test, uterine cancer (cervical cancer, body cancer), basal body temperature, anti-stem antibody test

Diagram of basal body temperature and hormone tests and tests


5 Treatment of Infertility Treatment steps toward pregnancy and childbirth

~ 1st stage ~ Trials you can do on your own

First, record the basal body temperature for 2-3 months, predict ovulation in the state of the basal body temperature, and have sexual intercourse. It is said that pregnancy is easy to get pregnant from 2 days before the ovulation date to immediately after ovulation.
The basal body temperature is just before the temperature rises, and the vaginal body becomes less viscous and becomes transparent, and the amount increases. You can also purchase ovulation test drugs at pharmacies and use them.

Phase 2-Timing therapy

Medical institutions perform ultrasound examinations and hormone tests, predict the ovulation date, and receive guidance on the date of sexual intercourse according to the timing of ovulation.

Phase 3 ~ Artificial insemination

In accordance with the timing of ovulation, the sperm is delivered to the uterus using a special catheter, and expects natural pregnancy.
This is done in a couple with unknown infertility, sexual intercourse, or partner is deficiency or sperm assurm help.

Diagram of artificial insemination

[General artificial insemination Flow]

①Make a prediction of the ovulation date.
Predict the ovulation date by referring to basal body temperature, cervical mucus, ultrasonography, and hormonal values.

ovum may be grown using induced agents (drinkages and injections).
②The sperm of the partner is collected according to the woman's ovulation date.
③Sperm is treated (cleaning and concentrated).
④Use a catheter to put sperm into the uterus.

Phase 4 ~ Reproductive medicine (in vitro fertilization / microinsemination)

This is a treatment given when pregnancy is not established by the third stage, or when both fallopian tubes are blocked or the sperm is extremely low.
◇In vitro fertilization
This treatment involves removing ovum before ovulation, sprinkling sperm into ovum outside the body, fertilized, and returning the fertilized egg into the uterus.
◇Microinsemination
This treatment involves injecting human sperm directly in ovum when the number of sperm is low.

[General In vitro fertilization / microinsemination flow]

①It stimulates the ovaries to stimulate the ovaries and grow multiple follicles. The vesicles are stabbed from the vagina wall, and the ovum is sucked together with the ovary fluid.
②Sperm is collected at the same time.
③In vitro fertilization, sperm is applied to ovum. Microinsemination involves injecting sperm directly into egg cell quality under a microscope and fertilized.

④The fertilized eggs are grown in the culture solution. (Culture)
⑤Using a catheter, the fertilized egg is returned to the uterus (embryo transfer). Replenishes chlorogen hormone to make it easier for fertilized eggs to settle.
⑥Pregnancy judgment is made about two weeks after the embryo transfer.

6 Life of those who are receiving fertility treatment

Fertility treatment is not the same.
The number of consultations, such as the number of consultations, may also be those who want to have a prospect of how much relationship is with daily life.
For reference, I would like to introduce the status of consultation by a certain person.

Examples of Treatment and Outpatients


Examples of balancing treatment and work


Reference materials

For infertility and infertility specialized consultation conducted in Yokohama City, we have created a leaflet that summarizes basic knowledge of infertility treatment.
A little detail story about fertility treatment for women (leaflet) (PDF: 288KB)

In order to open PDF files, you may need a separate PDF reader.
If you do not have it, you can download it free of charge from Adobe.
Get Adobe Acrobat Reader DCTo download Adobe Acrobat Reader DC

For inquiries to this page

Child and Youth Bureau Children's Welfare and Health Department Community Child Care Support Section

Phone: 045-671-2455

Phone: 045-671-2455

Fax: 045-550-3946

Email address: kd-chikoshien@city.yokohama.jp

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Page ID: 101-873-996

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